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The G Minor Scale
The G minor scale has two flats, B-flat and E-flat, and uses the same fingering as G major. The harmonic form raises the top note to F-sharp, and the melodic form adds E-natural as well. Since the fingering doesn't change between the forms, we can focus on hearing the difference the raised notes make.
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G Minor Scale Overview
| G Minor Scale Overview | |
|---|---|
| Keyboard Layout |  |
| Staff Layout |  |
| Key Signature | Two flats (B♭, E♭) |
| Notes of Scale | G, A, B♭, C, D, E♭, F, G |
| RH Fingering | 1 2 3 - 1 2 3 4 - 5 |
| LH Fingering | 5 - 4 3 2 1 - 3 2 1 |
| Relative Scale | B-flat Major Scale |
| Parallel Scale | G Major Scale |
Visualize the G minor scale layout on the piano
These charts show the overall layout, or terrain, of the G minor scale in each of its three forms.
Natural Minor
Harmonic Minor
Melodic Minor
The natural minor has two black keys, B-flat and E-flat, each surrounded by white keys. It uses the same notes as its relative major, B-flat major.
Read the G minor scale on the staff
Natural Minor
Harmonic Minor
Melodic Minor
Here is the G natural minor scale on the staff, one octave up and back down.
Play the G minor scale with hands alone
Each hand on its own is the place to begin. The fingering becomes much clearer once we see the scale’s core positions: a group of three notes played with fingers 1-2-3 (red on the charts) and a group of four played with 1-2-3-4 (blue). Between them, they account for the whole scale.
The G minor scale uses the same fingering as G major. The right hand plays G, A, and B-flat on 1-2-3 and C, D, E-flat, and F on 1-2-3-4, ending with the fifth finger on G. The left hand starts with the fifth finger on G, plays A, B-flat, C, and D on 4-3-2-1, and E-flat, F, and G on 3-2-1.
The charts below show the core positions of the G minor scale in each of its three forms.
Natural Minor
Harmonic Minor
Melodic Minor
A useful way to work with the core positions is in three stages:
- Block: play all the notes of each core position together, moving up and down the keyboard. This lets us see each position as one shape and get used to the pattern repeating.
- Crawl: play one note at a time, but hold each note down until the whole position is under the hand, then pause before moving on. This builds the physical sense of each grouping.
- Anticipate: play legato, releasing each finger as the next one plays, while keeping the next position in mind before we arrive at it.
Play the G minor scale with hands together
When we put the hands together in G minor, the sync points are the thing to follow: the moments where both hands land on the same finger, or where the fingers form a mirror image. They fall in the same places in all three forms, even though some of the notes change, and the examples below use the harmonic minor.
The 3rd fingers meet on B-flat and on E-flat, which are also the two black keys of the natural minor.
The thumbs come together on C and D, where fingers 1 and 2 form a mirror image.
The same three stages work for sync points:
- Block: find each sync point and play it on its own, outside the scale.
- Crawl: play the scale up and down, stopping on each sync point to look at it and notice how it feels under the hands. There’s no need for legato here.
- Anticipate: play in a steady rhythm, seeing each sync point coming and landing on it with a slight accent.
Expand the G minor scale to more octaves
Once one octave feels consistent, we can extend the scale further up the keyboard. The right hand passes the thumb under to G instead of finishing on the fifth finger, and the core positions repeat; the left hand simply continues the core positions, with the thumb taking the place of the fifth finger on each G until the bottom.
Natural Minor
Harmonic Minor
Melodic Minor
Here is the G natural minor scale in two octaves, ascending and descending, with fingering.
Avoid common mistakes in the G minor scale
The E-flat is easy to overlook, especially going up in the melodic form, where it becomes E-natural. Keeping track of the form, and of where the 3rd fingers land, helps.
With black keys on B-flat and E-flat, it works better to let the longer fingers reach slightly into the black-key area than to keep the hand out on the edges of the white keys.
Other techniques related to the G minor piano scale:
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